- Metoclopramide stimulates gastric emptying, attenuates activity of the vomiting center and increases gastroesophageal sphincter tone. It must be administered at least 20 minutes prior to induction and its effect is decreased if administered in conjunction with an opioid. It acts on the dopamine receptor in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and thus can cause extrapyramidal effects. These effects can be treated with benzotropine or diphenhydramine.
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
Trimethobenzamide (Tigan, Tebamide)
- Dopamine receptor antagonist.
- It is believed to affect the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the medulla oblongata to suppress nausea and vomiting.
Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Antihistamines
Meclizine (Bonine)
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Post Op Nausea & Vomiting
- Etomidate > Ketamine > Propofol, Clonidine
