Kidney Anatomy and Glomerular Structure Renal blood flow: renal artery -> segmental artery -> interlobar artery -> arcuate artery -> interlobular artery -> afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> efferent arteriole -> vasa recta/peritubular capillaries -> venous outflow. Fluid Compartments 60-40-20 rule 60% water 40% intracellular 20% extracellular Plasma can be measured with radiolabeled albumin Extracellular […]
With renal failure there is decreased glomerular filtration which results in an increased level of serum phosphate. This tends to cause serum calcium to be deposited in bone leading to a decrease serum calcium level. In response to low serum calcium the parathyroid glands are stimulated to secrete parathormone (PTH) which results in secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Nephrotic syndrome is a glomerulonephropathy causing severe proteinuria precipitating a large decrease in intravascular osmotic pressure and fluid loss to the interstitial tissue. While peripheral edema is a prominent symptom, intravascular volume depletion occurs and jugular venous distension is therefore not observed.
Nephrotic and Nephritic Syndrome Read Post »
