Releasing incisions aid in providing visualization and surgical exposure. A vertical releasing incision should cross the free gingival margin at the line angle of the tooth and should not be directly on the facial aspect of the tooth nor directly in the papilla. The incision is not a straight vertical incision but rather oblique, to […]
Sacrifice of the radial artery relies on an intact communication between the superficial and deep palmer arches. This is typically confirmed pre-operatively by an Allen’s test. The technique is as follows: Elevate the patient’s hands above heart Occlude radial and ulnar arteries Have the patient open and close fist several times Lower the hand below
Condylotomy has been shown to work most favorably in cases of anterior disc displacement, especially in the setting of disc displacement with reduction. Modified condylotomy can effect disc reduction and alter favorably the natural course of internal derangement in reducing disc displacement A posteriorly directed osteotomy is more likely to be associated with excessive condylar
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Hemifacial microsomia is associated with several soft tissue anomalies in addition to the common skeletal manifestations. These include, but are not limited to, microtia, facial nerve palsy, skin tags, soft tissue and muscular hypoplasia, microphthalmos, and macrostomia. The facial deformities associated with hemifacial microsomia are heterogeneous and demonstrate extreme variability of expression. Previous work by
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Article: Cleft Palate Repair and Its Variations In contrast to cleft lip and palate, there is a female predominance of cleft palate. The ratio is approximately 3:2. Passavant’s ridge is a soft tissue prominence which extends into the pharynx. The structure is usually described in association with cleft palate, but has been described in many
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Ellis Classification of Dental Trauma Class I: confined to enamel Class II: enamel and dentin Class III: enamel, dentin, and pulp Class IV: root fracture Also can be described as complicated (involving the pulp) and uncomplicated (not involving the pulp) Optimal success of treatment is to replant and stabilize avulsed teeth within 2 hours. The
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Contraindications Developing patients (particularly in the maxilla where vertical growth continues after permaenet teeth are fully erupted) Uncontrolled periodontal disease Aesthetic areas with thin, highly scalloped gingiva Adjacent periapical pathology Non-motivated patients Relative contraindications Adjacent root flaring (correction needed with orthodontics) Smokers (increased risk of failure in type IV bone) Connective tissue disease Diabetes Autoimmune
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Large doses of prilocaine, generally greater then 600 mg, can result in methemoglobinemia in selected patients. Intravenous doses of articaine have been reported to cause similar problems. This occurs as a result of one of the metabolites of the drug converting reduced hemoglobin to methemoglobin. The patient will experience cyanosis with dark blood. Pulse oximetry
An increase in heart rate is usually the earliest and most consistent sign to be detected. An increase in end-tidal CO2 is usually the most sensitive sign in detecting malignant hyperthermia. While increase temperature and muscle rigidity are hallmark signs of malignant hyperthermia, these manifestations are less sensitive and may not present as early as
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Temporal arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease involving large arteries of the carotid system, particularly in those with a prominent elastica, occurring primarily in the elderly. This disorder commonly causes pain on mastication in the masseter, temporals, and tongue muscles. Estimated prevalence is about 1/1000 in patients > 50 yo with a slight predilection in
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