• Karapandzic flaps are excellent single stage closures of moderately sized defects of the lower lips, especially in homebound patients and patients with a natural dentition. This flap transfers vascularized tissue to close lower lip defects up to 60% of its length. The result will be upper and lower lips unequal in size, and with a slightly retruded lower lip relative to the upper lip.
  • An Abbe flap is a local pedicled axial pattern flap for upper and lower lip reconstruction. It is ideally used for defects greater than 25% of upper lip loss and approximately 33% of lower lip loss. The pedicle is divided at about 2-3 weeks.