• Contraindications
    • Developing patients (particularly in the maxilla where vertical growth continues after permaenet teeth are fully erupted)
    • Uncontrolled periodontal disease 
    • Aesthetic areas with thin, highly scalloped gingiva
    • Adjacent periapical pathology
    • Non-motivated patients
  • Relative contraindications
    • Adjacent root flaring (correction needed with orthodontics)
    • Smokers (increased risk of failure in type IV bone)
    • Connective tissue disease
    • Diabetes
    • Autoimmune